January 2006

Shapes

3 congruent pentominoes

The diagram shows three congruent pentominoes which have been placed together to form a shape with a line of symmetry.

Show how the five congruent pentominoes below can be placed together to make a different shape with a line of symmetry.

Give some indication of your reasoning.

5 congruent pentominoes

Numbers

Welcome to 2006!

Can you insert the mathematical symbols + - × ÷ ( ) ! between the numbers below so that the resulting expression is equal to 2006?

8    7    6    5    4    3    2    1

Each symbol may be used as often as is required. The digits must remain in the order given.

(Hint: ‘3!’ is pronounced ‘3 factorial’ and means 3 × 2 × 1 = 6. Similarly, ‘4!’ means 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24, and so on.)

Algebra

Here is a number trick: Think of a number with three digits, all different. Now make all the two-digit numbers that you can from the three digits of your number. (There should be six such two-digit numbers.) Add the six, two-digit numbers together. Now divide your answer by the sum of the digits of your original number. The number that you get is…?

Prove that you will always get the same number, no matter what three-digit number that you start with.

(Hint: In algebra, the two-digit number formed from the digits x and y is written ‘10x + y’, not ‘xy’, which of course means x × y.)

Miscellaneous

Five contestants were competing on a TV show. In the final round they were shown five ‘mystery’ photos and given five names. They had to match the photos with the names. The contestants wrote down their answers:

ContestantPhoto 1Photo 2Photo 3Photo 4Photo 5
Annie AdamsAndrew FlintoffTony BlairRobbie WilliamsBob GeldofRichard Branson
Betty BeanBob GeldofRichard BransonAndrew FlintoffRobbie WilliamsTony Blair
Clare ClarkeTony BlairBob GeldofRobbie WilliamsRichard BransonAndrew Flintoff
Dionne DavisBob GeldofTony BlairAndrew FlintoffRobbie WilliamsRichard Branson
Ellie EvansBob GeldofRichard BransonRobbie WilliamsAndrew FlintoffTony Blair

When the answers were given, it was found that no two contestants had the same number of correct answers. Which contestant went home with the first prize?